The George Institute for Global Health India, in partnership with the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) in Chandigarh, undertook a study examining the dietary patterns of North Indian communities. Their investigation centered on the consumption levels of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and protein, all of which are implicated in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease, thereby exacerbating health issues in the nation.
Published in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition, the study included more than 400 adult participants, encompassing both healthy individuals and those in the early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
To evaluate nutrient intake, the researchers employed a 24-hour urinary excretion analysis method, which is deemed more precise than dietary recall because it mitigates errors associated with memory or estimating portion sizes. Rigorous measures were taken to ensure the reliability of urine samples for analysis.
The analysis uncovered that salt consumption exceeded recommended levels, while potassium intake was inadequate, both of which increase the risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Additionally, protein consumption fell below the recommended dietary allowance.
High potassium foods:
Here are some foods that are high in potassium:
- Bananas
- Sweet potatoes
- Spinach
- Avocados
- Oranges
- Acorn squash
- White potatoes (with skin)
- Yogurt
- Salmon
- Beans (e.g., kidney beans, black beans)
Incorporating these foods into your diet can help boost your potassium intake.
High protein foods:
Here are some foods that are high in protein:
- Chicken breast
- Turkey breast
- Eggs (especially egg whites)
- Fish (such as salmon, tuna, and trout)
- Lean beef (such as sirloin or tenderloin)
- Greek yogurt
- Cottage cheese
- Lentils
- Quinoa
- Tofu
Including these protein-rich foods in your diet can help you meet your daily protein needs.
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